​Cold Water Shock (The Biggest Killer): Even if the air is 30°C, deeper inland water rarely rises above 12°C to 15°C. Plunging into this cold water triggers an involuntary gasp reflex. If your head is underwater, you will inhale water directly into your lungs. It also causes sudden spikes in heart rate and blood pressure.  

​Hidden Currents & Machinery: Reservoirs and quarry lakes are working industrial sites. They contain hidden underwater pipes, pumping stations, and aerators (which create air bubbles that make it impossible to stay afloat).  

​Sudden Drops & Steep Banks: The shallow edge of a lake can drop off into pitch-black, deep water without warning. Furthermore, the steep, slimy banks of reservoirs make it incredibly difficult to climb back out once you are in.  

​Underwater Hazards: You cannot see what is beneath the surface. Broken glass, discarded metal, structural ruins, and thick weeds can trap or injure you.  

​If you or someone else gets into trouble, remembering these basic steps can save a life:

​If you unexpectedly fall into the water:

​FLOAT TO LIVE. Resist the instinct to panic or thrash around. Fight the urge to swim hard, tilt your head back, and float on your back. Move your hands and legs gently to stay afloat until your breathing controls itself (usually within 60 to 90 seconds). 

​Call 999 immediately and ask for the Coastguard (if at the coast) or Fire & Rescue / Police (if inland).

​NEVER jump in to save them. A drowning person is in a state of panic and will easily pull you under.  

​Shout instructions telling them to float on their back.